Research:History of music video

 

History of music videos   

There are no question that the popularity of music videos have increased n modern day music videos, in in the relation to the traditional music videos. Also music has dramatically change due to the use of technologies however this plays a big impact on the success of the music and also the artist it also work as marketing tool.

 There are notable revolutionary key dates that occur in history of music videos. The article from The Guardian ' goes through the main key dates.

In the 1900 'Buddy Bolden'  invents jazz genre. The Buddy Bolden band's line up of their ensemble was a trombone, two clarinet s, guitar and double bass this had the traditional jazz band.

1975 'Queen's Herald the modern age of music videos.

 

 

 

 

1920: 

 

The key events in  the history of music videos.

• 1920- when Bessie Smith the video can not  regarded as a music video there not much editing and this doesn't really follow the conventions of the music video.

 

 

•  During 1920  film were accompanied  by the moving image, especially animations. These were not music videos they were basic editing of images to films which was part of film during this period. The work of Bessie is an example of this.

 

1940:

• 1940- Disney  'fantasia ' was animation film  about classical music.

 

 1950:

 

• Tony Bennett -1956  was filmed walking in  Hyde park London for 'stranger in paradise'

 

1960:

 

• 1964-The Beatles set out basic visual vocal for todays  music videos.

 

• 1966-TOTP- Artist had to create competitive videos to complete for air time on TOTP. However  TOTP had a limit on the number of music videos it showed as this was mainly performances based.

 

• 1968- 'The Monkee's had their own TV show music was played and shown through their show. 

 

1970:
 

• 1975- Queen 'Bohemian Rhapsody' set up modern music video era. They were the first band to create a music video specifically for the song to played on TV. Bohemian Rhapsody was the first made on format. Describing this as the first video made. would be accurate as long as it isn't confused 'first promo film'. 

 

• 1970-1980 key development of modern music video was the editing process. HQ video tapes recorders and portable camera enables pop artists to produce promotional videos quickly and cheaply, rather than film which was expensive.

 

1980: 

•  In 1981 MTV launched the first video to be aired and this was Buggle's 'video 'killed radio star.'

 

 

The 1980's includes sophisticated effects in videos and added storyline. In 1984 Michael Jackson thriller made a concept short film as a music video. This took the music video format to another level as today the video still consider as one of the best music ever made because of the short film. This time period  known for playing central role in popular music marketing. Such as Madonna's success because of her seductive appeal in her music videos.

Although many see MTV as the start of  a golden era 'of music videos and the unparalleled success of a new album in popular culture as others could view it as the death of the artist.

 

How has music video has changed over time?

 

Music has dramatically changed as history of music video had commenced. Music video has developed to becoming essential in the success of  artist/ band. The audience didn't really played attention to the quality of the music video, especially n 90's and 20th century. Music videos has grew significantly in the audience perspective. Music  videos differ depending on the genre, for example for hip hop genre enabled the lyrics of the music video to have relation with visuals in the music video. This enhances the popularity and fan base of hip hop genre. Also technology plays a big part when it comes to how the music video has changed over the time due to the development of technology made music attractive and captivating to watch and enhanced  the quality and effort put into music videos.

 

 

Conclusion- It is important to know about the history of music videos it makes us aware how much music videos have developed during the years and how they became so important in music history. Some of  ideas I have gathered as how determine a music video. This allowed me to understand the conventions of  a music video is what I would include in the process of making my own music video. 

 

 

 

 

 

Research:Music videos channel

                                                         Music video channels 

 

Music channels are important  because it offers the audience a wide a range of variety depending on the genre of their choice. The audience can also search for their favourite  artist according to the genre and channel. Music channels are popular because the main genres have music channel dedicated only to that genre. It allows  the audience to not only listen to their favourite songs also watch them performing through music channels.

Music channels Today:
There are  a lot of music channels on today's TV to suit the tastes of the most people. For example if someone enjoys rock music they can watch MTV  Rock's which appeals to their own taste of their music> music channels have expanded in  terms of amount of channels  that are available to the public which therefore attracts a wider range of audience.

Some of the channels available today are as follows:

• MTV Dance
• MTV Base
• MTV Rock
• MTV Hits
• MTV Live
• MTV Classics
• The Box
• Flava
• Kiss TV
• Kerrang
• Club land
• Channel AKA
• VH1
• Viva

Music channels and further attraction for the audience:
Prolonged music shows:
Channels such as MTV base have programmes within the channel such as 'UK Top 40' which consist of viewing the official single chart and the most popular music videos of the time. It is done in the form of counting down starting from 40 until 1.This keeps the audience involved and excited a they would watch the programme until the best of  the music  videos of all time are revealed.

 

TV shows on music channels:

-MTV has developed to into a channel which delivers all forms of entertainments to its audience on one channel which keeps  the audience to MTV over the other channel as MTV allows its audience to stay on the MTV channel and watch different TV shows on one channel whether than switching to the other channel. For example MTV   

Viva shows programmes like Bel Air, this is because they like to keep their audience entertain stay on their channel  and also catch up on the old shows that the other music that doesn't show, this is  

 

 

Synergy across different media platforms:

There are different ways which music channels can be consumed whether it be through TV internet and through social networking websites. Now the high level of interest in music videos enabled different media formats to include videos and people have more options to get access to the music videos. 

There are many much channels which people have access to. 

This is for the people that like rock music they can access this channel there's live performances.

 

This music channel genre is more grime, underground artists

Sisters channels such as MTV Hits, TV Base etc. offer wide ranging genre variety to the audience. The audience can benefit from MTV as they offer different music video channels depending on the genre.

Under representation of music channels.
There are several music channels that are underrepresented. One of the most notable example would be Channel AKA their main music  videos they show on their channel are mainly grime and  strictly UK rap genre. This type of genre only attracts small audience so emphasis on the music video. This music channel also have a low budget music videos shows that quality of the music video is not high either. The target audience is mainly between 12-20  and the majority that watch this music videos are males.

 Advantages of having so many music channel.

• The advantages of  playing the artist music video on their channel allows the audience to ask for more demand on what they like to see on their music videos.
• It increases the marketing a promotion which can boost sale release.
• The more the channel plays the music video, this enable the audience to  get an idea of knowing the  song inside out.
• can increase download for the audience.

Research:Media Institutions

                                                                 Media Institutions 

Media institutions are  large companies who aim to help and fund the production of  the music videos for the artist or band. Media institutions  can also fulfill the entertainment purpose of a music video. Not all popular artist and band are signed by media institution which  support them and fund them , being signed with a successful media institution could mean that it can enhance the artist  band and success, also media institution can appeal to different  artist and bands depending on the genre of music and their popularity.

 There are four leading institutions within the music industry.

EMI
Sony Music Entertainment
Universal Music Group
 Warner Music Group                                                                                                                                                         





EMI is one of the world's leading music companies international institution  they own record labels  which includes  Angel blue note  and capitol.Music form indie/hip hop genre also known from working  with EMI.

Artist/bands that have been with EMI Music :

• Beatles
• Snoop Dogg 
• Tinie tempah 
• Lloyd Banks 
• Cold Play 
• Daft punk 
• Mcfly 
• Lil Allen
• Kylie Monogue 

         






Sony Music entertainment: Sony music entertainment is known for working with international superstars they offer hip hop country,classical, gospel, pop rock which offer a wide range of variety in the genres that they work with.Their record labels include, artist  records,Columbia records and RCA records.


Artists/ bands that  have been with Sony Music entertainment

• Beyonce 
• Chris Brown 
• Estelle 
• Paramore 
• James Blunt 
• Alicia Keys
• Miley Cyrus 
• Usher 

 

Universal Music Group:World's  largest music content  company. The recorded music business discovers  and develops recording artists and then markets, then promotes their music therefore universal Music Group work with the modern day s most popular and known  artists.Universal  has many international success.

Artist/bands that have been with universal Music Group

• Akon 
• Busta Rhymes  
• Mariah Carey 
• Justin Bieber  
• Nicki Minaj 
• Cheryl Cole 
• Rihanna 
• Adele
• Mary J blige 

Warner music Group: Warner is not as popular,However it still holds the status as being a international institution, Record labels include Asylum Atlantic,Cordless East west and Warner Bros.They have long- term  creative  and  financial success.


Artist/bands that have been with Warner Music Company: 

• T.I
• Flo Rida 
• Wiz khalifa 
• Wiley 
• Jason derulo 
• Bruno Mars 

                                                         
 











Conclusion:This  research  into  media institution has made me aware of the world's largest and successful media institution and their role in the music industry.I now know what some institutions are not large as others. However this research would benefit me when it comes to producing my own music video which will allow me to make decision on what institution  would suit  my genre of music and my music video.

Research:Genre

Genre characteristics

A genre is a relation to music videos that is a style or category that type of music videos that belong to. A music video often reflect their genre through the use of specific characteristic which makes them conventional.

It's easy to identify different genres as its a lot more clear to see  their characteristics. For example I can clearly recognise if a music video falls into the rock genre this is because the lighting is always low key lighting and its always performances based  which the camera mainly focus on their band.


                                        Some example of genre: Hip-hop  will Smith 'Miami'

 follows classic convention of Hip hop genre and also the rap genre such as
 Rap- Mainly the theme is usually about their life in hood, crime and about the drug lifestyle.  

always about the rivalry who is better at the rapping game and the location is mainly in the neighbourhood showing the struggle of their life (gang signs and guns).This is conventional to rap genre as the girls are wearing bikini, and the star may not be wearing a the usual rap wear: such as hoodie, baseball hat, baggy trousers.

Pop-close up of the artist this is show the release of the new artist so the audience can be more familiar with the artist.Party lifestyle, disco ball.

Genre rock: Low key lighting-angry facial experience by the band
usually girls in the videos have  a lot of piercing Gothic style and black leather. They don't care about their appearance. The audience can easily recognize  rock music  by the pace of the song is effective by the lyrics the rebellion against ideology.



Indie- The artist voice is usually simple. Low budget -filming and the locations quit simple.
usually performance based -very focus on the artist. There's hardly narrative behind  the music.
editing are usually very slow , so the main focus are on the music and the artist.

Grime-low budget filming and the location simple, the themes are usually about fighting, drugs, money, violence, which also include social realism. performance based and concept- clothing- hoodies, caps and tracksuit.

Conclusion-  I will  be R and B  genre for my music video  which means that i will include hip hop  style  of female and males dancing, club setting  to show the artist dancing.

Research:Goodwin's Theory

Goodwin's theory of music videos  

Goodwin's is a theorist that came up with his own understanding to the world of music by analysing   music videos, he came up with 8 features about what the music video  within the mainstream or popular culture what the music video consist of. He is considered as an important theorist in the music industry.

Goodwin's theories that is based on eight main features:

1. Genre characteristics.
2. Relationship between lyrics , visuals.
3. Relationship between music and visuals.
4. Star Image Motifs.
5. Notion of looking.
6. Inter-textual References .
7. Performance, Narrative or concept- based.
8. Technical element.                                                                          

Genre characteristic:

Music video often reflect their genre through the use of genre specific characteristics which makes them conventional. Genre characteristic allow us to identify the genre  by watching the music video

Example genre's that carry genre characteristic.

Hip-Hop, wealth, cars, parties big houses and women on their music videos this is to portray them in sexual nature upbeat sound.

R&B. Professional outfit such as suit to show serious genre of music, themes always about love and relationships.
Rap-crime, drugs and violence.
Classical- High pitch lyrics and smart dress.

Relationship between lyrics and visuals: 

A connection is shown the visuals relating to the lyrics, either is being illustrative or explain the lyrics visually,exaggeration of the lyrics linking to the video and lastly  contradicting; being the opposite visuals to the lyrics.




In the music video we could clearly see  Jadakiss ' they say every good woman need a thug' The use of  amplifying images could be used to in order to make the image larger and a lot more powerful which would make the visuals seem more dominant over the lyrics.

Relationship between music and visuals:  

visuals show a connection to the actual music these are either if the music video is upbeat, so the visuals. if the music is monotone, usually so are the visuals.

In this video by Jay Z feat Kanye West Otise, the beat of the music gets faster and louder as they start rapping furiously.


Star Image Motifs:
The music video includes many close up shots of the artist, demanded by the record labels to make them popular and identifiable. 



Lady Gaga, throughout her music career she has built her reoccurring image. Her music supports and emphasis with her personality and it reflect strange style that she has and music. Same star image motif portrayed in her all music videos which represents her style and personality. Her music videos need to live up to that standard.


Notion of looking:
Particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body-women that are seen as sexual object. There are a huge amount of music videos that could fit into this section now day. For example



Some, genres do not emphasis the 'Notion of looking' less mainstream genre such as rock of classical do not fit in to genre characteristics of the genre.

Inter-textual Reference:
In many music videos you will find there are often links to other films,TV program-mes or other music videos etc,this is called an inter-textual reference.

This music video imitate news reporters and polices.wearing a suit to show that his a news reporter, dressed in police uniform. This can help promote music videos as people can relate to the music video in more than one way.










Performance,Narrative or concept- based?


Performance:means the focus is solidly on the artist/ band.

For example Beyonce,Green light music video,the focus is on her appearance and body this is conventional this genre as female and men admire her assets.











Narrative:means that it has a story attached related to the lyrics of the song.

Example by Michael Jackson shows the elements that would fit into this section e.g ' what about sunrise, what about rain'  as we can see in this music video everything is destroyed and broken.












Concept based: is usually a single concept obscure, surreal for the audience more then likely including special effects.

















The prodigy- warrior's dance  music video shows no relationship with the lyrics of music therefore is a random, different and concept based.


Technical elements: mise en scene ,cinematography, editing the place of the editing is usually determined.

Examples:
various of close ups - of the artist being used. This is used to create a familiarity between the artist and audience. a lot of close up can show the audience the importance of the artist.

Cuts between shots normally follow the rhythm of the song- This gives an elements of fluency in the music videos.

Lighting reflects the mood of the genre-The audience can relate to the music video a lot more if  relevant lights are used.


Conclusion: Goodwin's theory enable me to understand about the 8 main generic features ideas about  what music consist of. Goodwin's theory is important because it is most like to be  the theory that my own music video would follow up on. furthermore, being familiar with this theories would give me advantage as i would know what i would  include in my own music video.